Pantry Shelves

Organizing pantry shelves is a cinch due to the many kitchen society products ready on the store today. To get started, one should remove all contents from the pantry and clean the pantry shelves with a damp cloth. Next, expired food should be discarded. It is also a good idea to take unwanted canned goods to a food bank.

Once the pantry is emptied and old contents are removed, consider what areas of the pantry need attention. For instance, many citizen struggle to keep spices organized. In fact, looking multiple jars of same spices are common when organizing pantry shelves. This is because the labels of the spices cannot be well seen. Multi-tiered spice shelves are ready to deal with this issue.

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If spilled sugar, flour and cereals are a problem, one might consider purchasing plastic dispensers for those items. These are relatively reasonable due to the many brands available. Twist ties or bag clips are also an reasonable and easy way to keep bagged foods fresh.

Plastic caddies are made to corral similar items, such as foils, plastic wraps and plastic bags. Families who drink coffee might advantage from purchasing a plastic caddy for coffee filters, coffee, coffee flavorings and creamer. If the pantry is naturally not large sufficient to accommodate a family, they might consider purchasing an over-the-door pantry organizer. These typically have anywhere from five to eight shelves and can hold dozens of canned goods and boxed items.

Once items have been returned to pantry shelves, one should consider placing a magnetic board on the pantry door to be used for shopping lists.

Pantry Shelves

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How Inventors Shape Our Lives daily

Picture this- Millions of people do this routine: After waking up, they get up and take a shower; they use an iron board to press out their work clothes; since the room is pretty warm, they turn on the air conditioner to cool off; After using a hair brush in order to get ready for work, they go downstairs, open the refrigerator door to make some eggs. Then they use an egg beater to make some scrambled eggs. After breakfast, they leave for work after getting their cell phone and use the key on their key chain to lock the back door. So what does an iron board, air conditioner, hair brush, refrigerator, egg beater, cell phone key chain and lock have in common? All of those just mentioned products were created by African-Americans.

This report will focus on African-American Inventors who made products that we used almost every singular day. These inventors created some overwhelming products that a lot of people didn't know, but sadly in the era of Jim Crow, they never received the credit or for that matter reap in the fortune that they richly deserve. In some case, these inventors created the goods and without providing a patent for their invention, told people about their new creation. Since the goods was not patented, these people would go somewhere to steal... I mean...make their own product, slap their name on it and gain instant fame. While doing study in this topic, it is truly overwhelming to find out that each creator made their goods with very primitive material, unlike the technology that we have in today's world.

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Here's the list of each creator and their creation. You will be surprised by what is on the list!

Inventor---Invention ---Date of Invention

A.P. Ashbourne---Biscuit Cutter---November 30, 1875

Benjamin Banneker ---Almanac ---1791

Patricia Bath ---updated a gadget to take off cataracts---1988

Miriam Benjamin ---"Gong and Signal" chair (Used in Hotels) --- July 17,1888

Edward Berger---Spark Plug---February 2, 1839

Henry Blair---Seed Planting Device---October 14, 1834

Henry Blair---Cotton Planting Device---1836

Sarah Boone---Iron Board---December 30, 1897

Bordy and Surgwar Folding Chair June 11, 1889

Otis Boykin control Unit for Pacemaker 1961

Benjamin Bradley---A Steam Powered Warship Engine--- 1856

Henry Brown---Fire/Burglar defiant Safe---November 2, 1886

L.A. Burr---Lawnmower---May 19, 1889

Charles Brooks---Street Sweeper---March 17, 1890

Lee Burridge & Newman Marshman---Typewriter---April 7, 1885

T.A. Carrington---Stove---July 25, 1876

George R. Curruthers---Far-Ultraviolet Camera and Spectrograph---November 11, 1969

W.C. Carter---Umbrella Stand---1885

George Washington Carver---Peanut Butter--1839

M.A. Cherry---Tricycle---May 6, 1886

G. Cook---Auto Fishing Device---May 30, 1899

A.L. Cralle---Ice Cream Scooper---February 2, 1897

David Crosthwaut, Jr.---Heating principles for Radio City Music Hall--- 1934

George Crum---Potato Chip--- 1853

Mark Dean--Led his team to generate 1st gigahertz computer processor chip---1999

O. Dorsey---Door Stop---December 10, 1878

Paul Downing---Mail Box---October 27, 1891

Charles Drew---Blood Plasma---1945

T. Elikins---Chamber Commode---January 3, 1897

Henry Faulkner---Ventilated Shoe---1890

O.A. Fisher---Furniture Caster---1878

Robert Flemming Jr. Guitar March 3, 1866

Sarah E. Goode--Folding Bed--July 14, 1885

George Grant---Golf Tee---December 12, 1899

William S. Grant---Curtain Rod Support---August 4, 1896

Blessie Blount Griffin---An electronic feeding gadget for amputees---1951

Michael C. Harvey--- Lantern---August 19, 1884

Joseph Hawkins---Metal Oven Rack---1800's

L.R. Johnson--Bicycle Frame--October 10, 1899

Lonnie Johnson--Super Soaker--November 13, 1989

P. Johnson---Eye Protector---November 2, 1880

Willie Johnson---Egg Beater---February 5, 1884

Frederick M. Jones---Movie label Dispenser---June, 1939

Frederick M. Jones---Motor---June 27, 1939

Frederick M. Jones---Air Condtioning Unit---July 12, 1949

Lewis Latimer---Electric Lightbulb---March 21, 1882

Joseph Lee---Automatic Bread manufacture Machine---August 7, 1894

Joseph Lee---Bread Crumb machine June 4, 1895

F.D. Loudin---Key Chain---January 9, 1894

J.C. Love---Pencil Sharpener---November 27, 1897

W.A. Martin---Lock---July 23, 1889

Alexander Miles---Elevator---October 11, 1867

Garrett Morgan---Gas Mask---October 13, 1914

Garrett Morgan---Traffic Light---November 20, 1923

Lydia O. Newman---Hair Brush---November 15,1898

Robert Pelham---Tabulation Device---December 19, 1905

Robert Pelham---Tallying machine for U.S. Census---1913

Walter Purvis---Hand Stamp---February 27, 1883

William B. Purvis---Fountain Pen---January 7, 1890

Lawrence P. Ray---Dust Pan---August 3, 1897

John W. Reed---Rolling Pin---1864

A.C. Richard---Insect Destroyer Gun---February 28, 1899

W. H. Richardson---Baby Carriage---June 18, 1889

J. Ricks---Horseshoe---March 30, 1885

James Robinson---Lunch/Dinner Pail---February 1, 1887

G. T. Sampson---Clothes Dryer---June 6, 1862

Henry Sampson---Cell Phone---July 6, 1971

S.R Scratton---Curtain Rod---November 30, 1889

John Standard---Refrigerator---June 14, 1891

Thomas Stewart---Mop---June 11, 1893

Benjamin Thornton--A gadget that was the precursor to the answer Machine---November 10, 1931

Madame C.J. Walker---Straightening Comb---1905

Ulysses S Walton---Dentures--- March 23, 1943

John Thomas White---Lemon Squeezer---December 8, 1893

Jerome Wicks--Patio Door Lock and WindowGuard Protection---April 20, 1982

Daniel Hale Williams---1st prosperous Open Heart Surgery---July 9, 1893

Joseph Winters--Fire escape Ladder--May 7, 1878

Granville T. Woods---Auto Cut-off Switch---January 1, 1839

Granville T. Woods---Phone Transmitter---December 2, 1884

It's a shame that the majority of theses inventors did not live sufficient to gain the recognition that they deserve. The goal of this report is to shed light on these great people and their contributions to society.

How Inventors Shape Our Lives daily

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Refrigerator improvement History

Records show that as far back as 1,000 Bc the Chinese cut ice in the winter and stored it to use in warmer weather. This recipe has been used extensively with ice houses being built throughout the 18th century specifically for this purpose. It is also known that in 500 Bc Egyptians made use of ice by placing packaging of water out on cold nights to ice and stored for later use. The ice houses built in the 18th century were for both market and hidden use with wealthy families having their own ice house. Ice formed naturally in the winter was cut into blocks and wrapped in flannel and stored in these houses many of which were hidden until required in the summer. Many ice associates were formed which had large ice houses and expensed businesses and homes for ice to be supplied to them. Many homes at this time had ice boxes which were insulated packaging in which food and ice were stored together and as the ice melted more was purchased.

Refrigerators work on the principle of taking a extra type of gas that when it's compressed it turns into a liquid which absorbs heat. It took 100 years and results from four main inventors before a working refrigerator engine was invented and patented in 1834 by Jacob Perkins. The population who pioneered the way to this invention were in 1720 a Scotsman called Dr William Cullen who carried out experiments in evaporation. Next was Oliver Evans of Pennsylvania who designed a compression engine that was never built but his make was used later. Michael Farady was the first to indeed furnish a device that cooled using ammonia in 1820. Jacob's engine which used ether for cooling failed commercially naturally because everyone seemed happy with using natural ice supplied from ice houses so he moved into printing instead.

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The rest of the 1800s concentrated on refrigeration on an market and market scale as household business would not pick up until the 1900s. From 1937 James Harrison worked on perfecting a cooling engine to be used in countries like Australia where huge amounts of ice were not available to store for summer months. It took him till 1856 before he got it right and had a engine built in a large brewery to keep beer cool. This refrigeration engine for cooling beer was the first market cooler used in commerce and adapted for use in discrete environments.

This soon resulted in ice production factories that competed with the ice houses that used natural ice with the ice production machines proving to be better. For in the warmer winters the natural ice market would not have sufficient to supply ice all summer whereas the mechanical ice makers could work all year round. Gently from 1900 domestic refrigerators were introduced onto the market with slight interest until normal electric introduced the Monitor Refrigerator in 1927 and that is when the group indeed started to take domestic refrigerators seriously. Today refrigerators can be found in 99.5% of homes around the world.

Refrigerator improvement History

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